Matches in Nanopublications for { ?s <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value> ?o ?g. }
- _5 value "IL-10 also decreased the expression of both IL-6 receptor and lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-2 receptor but not IL-4 receptor on microglia as measured by flow cytometric analysis with an indirect immunofluorescence technique." provenance.
- _5 value "We have previously reported the identification of four autophosphorylation sites on the KDR VEGF receptor. Two of these sites (tyrosines 951 and 996) are located in the receptor's kinase insert domain, and two (tyrosines 1054 and 1059) are located in the catalytic domain" provenance.
- _5 value "However, in brown adipocytes (Klein, J., and Kahn, C.R., unpublished data) and white adipocytes (123), stimulation of the b-adrenergic receptor decreases insulin-stimulated PI3-kinase activity." provenance.
- _5 value "Inhibition of PI3-kinase activity using a dominant negative mutant (30), or pharmacological agents such as wortmannin or LY294002 (31), abolishes insulin stimulated glucose uptake and inhibits GLUT4 vesicle translocation to the plasma membrane. Many other cellular effects of insulin, such as antilipolysis, activation of fatty acid synthesis, acetyl CoA-carboxylase, glycogen synthase, Akt phosphorylation, glycogen synthase kinase 3b inactivation, and stimulation of protein synthesis and DNA synthesis, are also inhibited by PI3- kinase suppression PIP3, rather than PIP2, is the major mediator of PI3- kinase dependent biological actions of insulin" provenance.
- _6 value "Insulin receptor substrates are a growing family of proteins that are phosphorylated by the activated insulin receptor. To date, nine members of this family have been identified, including IRS-1 (17, 18), IRS-2 (19), IRS-3 (20), and IRS-4 (21), which are generally viewed as the most specific for insulin signaling; Gab-1 (22); Shc, which has three isoforms (23); and p62dok Following insulin binding, the receptor undergoes autophosphorylation on multiple tyrosine residues. This results in activation of the receptor kinase and tyrosine phosphorylation of a family of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins." provenance.
- _5 value "Insulin receptor substrates are a growing family of proteins that are phosphorylated by the activated insulin receptor. To date, nine members of this family have been identified, including IRS-1 (17, 18), IRS-2 (19), IRS-3 (20), and IRS-4 (21), which are generally viewed as the most specific for insulin signaling; Gab-1 (22); Shc, which has three isoforms (23); and p62dok Following insulin binding, the receptor undergoes autophosphorylation on multiple tyrosine residues. This results in activation of the receptor kinase and tyrosine phosphorylation of a family of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins." provenance.
- _5 value "Insulin receptor substrates are a growing family of proteins that are phosphorylated by the activated insulin receptor. To date, nine members of this family have been identified, including IRS-1 (17, 18), IRS-2 (19), IRS-3 (20), and IRS-4 (21), which are generally viewed as the most specific for insulin signaling; Gab-1 (22); Shc, which has three isoforms (23); and p62dok Following insulin binding, the receptor undergoes autophosphorylation on multiple tyrosine residues. This results in activation of the receptor kinase and tyrosine phosphorylation of a family of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins." provenance.
- _4 value "Obese human subjects have decreased insulin receptor expression level and tyrosine kinase activity in skeletal muscle (103) and adipocytes (104)." provenance.
- _6 value "PC-1 is a membrane glycoprotein with ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase activity that seems to act as an intrinsic inhibitor of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity" provenance.
- _5 value "Phosphotyrosine at site 960 of the b subunit just inside the membrane creates an NPXpY-recognition motif for the PTB domain of the IRS proteins. Modification of this tyrosine completely inhibits subsequent phosphorylation of IRS-1 and other insulin receptor substrates and leads to loss of most insulin-dependent biological actions" provenance.
- _3 value "Phosphotyrosine phosphatases (PTPases). PTPases are responsible for dephosphorylation of the insulin receptor and its substrates, and hence, turning off the insulin signal. To date, no insulin receptor-specific phosphatase has been identified. Total membrane-bound tyrosine phosphatase activity is increased in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic patients (158). Immunodepletion experiments in muscles from these diabetic patients and obese individuals suggest that especially two phosphatases, protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B) and leukocyte antigen-related (LAR) phosphatase, are mainly responsible for this increase (159)." provenance.
- _5 value "Protein kinase C (PKC) is a serine kinase that has a number of potential substrates, including the insulin receptor (152). PKC is activated by the intracellular metabolite diacylglycerol (DAG), the concentration of which increases in a glucose-dependent manner during exposure of isolated muscles to hyperinsulinemia (153). In NIH3T3 cells overexpressing the insulin receptor, insulin desensitization by glucose can be blocked by PKC inhibitors and thiazolidinediones (154)." provenance.
- _4 value "Some individuals with type 2 diabetes have been identified with a high expression level of Rad. In cultured myotubes and adipocytes, overexpression of Rad decreases insulin-dependent glucose uptake (101). Rad is also an insulin-regulated gene (102)." provenance.
- _3 value "Some individuals with type 2 diabetes have been identified with a high expression level of Rad. In cultured myotubes and adipocytes, overexpression of Rad decreases insulin-dependent glucose uptake (101). Rad is also an insulin-regulated gene (102)." provenance.
- _5 value "The ability of a variety of nutrients to activate the hexosamine pathway has led to the theory that this pathway serves as a general nutrient sensing pathway, through which hyperglycemia or hyperlipidemia could decrease insulin sensitivity of cells when nutrient excess prevails (148). In cell culture, omission of glutamine (a cofactor of GFA) from the media, or addition of glutamine analogues, blunts the desensitizing effect of glucose on insulin sensitivity (150). Glucosamine infusion for two to six hours will decrease insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation, PI3-kinase activation, and activation of glycogen synthase in a manner that parallels the decrease in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. This effect can be seen both in acute and chronic stimulation with insulin (151) (Patti, M.E., personal communication)." provenance.
- _5 value "The ability of a variety of nutrients to activate the hexosamine pathway has led to the theory that this pathway serves as a general nutrient sensing pathway, through which hyperglycemia or hyperlipidemia could decrease insulin sensitivity of cells when nutrient excess prevails (148). In cell culture, omission of glutamine (a cofactor of GFA) from the media, or addition of glutamine analogues, blunts the desensitizing effect of glucose on insulin sensitivity (150). Glucosamine infusion for two to six hours will decrease insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation, PI3-kinase activation, and activation of glycogen synthase in a manner that parallels the decrease in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. This effect can be seen both in acute and chronic stimulation with insulin (151) (Patti, M.E., personal communication)." provenance.
- _3 value "The ability of a variety of nutrients to activate the hexosamine pathway has led to the theory that this pathway serves as a general nutrient sensing pathway, through which hyperglycemia or hyperlipidemia could decrease insulin sensitivity of cells when nutrient excess prevails (148). In cell culture, omission of glutamine (a cofactor of GFA) from the media, or addition of glutamine analogues, blunts the desensitizing effect of glucose on insulin sensitivity (150). Glucosamine infusion for two to six hours will decrease insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation, PI3-kinase activation, and activation of glycogen synthase in a manner that parallels the decrease in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. This effect can be seen both in acute and chronic stimulation with insulin (151) (Patti, M.E., personal communication)." provenance.
- _4 value "The ability of a variety of nutrients to activate the hexosamine pathway has led to the theory that this pathway serves as a general nutrient sensing pathway, through which hyperglycemia or hyperlipidemia could decrease insulin sensitivity of cells when nutrient excess prevails (148). In cell culture, omission of glutamine (a cofactor of GFA) from the media, or addition of glutamine analogues, blunts the desensitizing effect of glucose on insulin sensitivity (150). Glucosamine infusion for two to six hours will decrease insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation, PI3-kinase activation, and activation of glycogen synthase in a manner that parallels the decrease in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. This effect can be seen both in acute and chronic stimulation with insulin (151) (Patti, M.E., personal communication)." provenance.
- _4 value "Leptin induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of MAP kinase p42 and p44 in RINm5F cells but not in rat islets." provenance.
- _4 value "Leptin induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of MAP kinase p42 and p44 in RINm5F cells but not in rat islets." provenance.
- _3 value "The neurotrophin, nerve growth factor (NGF), and insulin-like growth factor 1 induce the migration but not the proliferation of smooth muscle cells, whereas PDGF-BB stimulates both responses." provenance.
- _5 value "activation of p42/p44 MAP kinase by endogenous epidermal growth factor, lysophosphatidic acid, and beta2-adrenergic receptors" provenance.
- _6 value "activation of p42/p44 MAP kinase by endogenous epidermal growth factor, lysophosphatidic acid, and beta2-adrenergic receptors" provenance.
- _4 value "On Interleukin-6 treatment, a remarkable accumulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27Kip1) was observed within 1 day in LNCaP.FGC cells. This suggests that IL-6 induced G1 arrest in these cells is associated with IL-6-induced accumulation of p27 protein." provenance.
- _2 value "We examined the effects of TNF-binding protein (TNFBP) on regulatory mechanisms of muscle protein synthesis during sepsis in four groups of rats: Control; Control+TNFBP; Septic; and Septic+TNFBP. Saline (1. 0 ml) or TNFBP (1 mg/kg, 1.0 ml) was injected daily starting 4 h before the induction of sepsis. The effect of TNFBP on gastrocnemius weight, protein content, and the rate of protein synthesis was examined 5 days later. Sepsis reduced the rate of protein synthesis by 35% relative to controls by depressing translational efficiency." provenance.
- _3 value "In healthy cells, most Bim molecules were bound to LC8 cytoplasmic dynein light chain and thereby sequestered to the microtubule-associated dynein motor complex. Certain apoptotic stimuli disrupted the interaction between LC8 and the dynein motor complex." provenance.
- _2 value "Furthermore, studies of patients with insulin-secreting tumors suggest that inhibition of hepatic glucose production is the major mechanism whereby insulin lowers plasma glucose in the fasting state. Insulin first acts directly upon adipose tissue to suppress lipolysis and decrease levels of circulating free fatty acids. This, in turn, may cause the inhibition of hepatic glucose production" provenance.
- _2 value "Furthermore, studies of patients with insulin-secreting tumors suggest that inhibition of hepatic glucose production is the major mechanism whereby insulin lowers plasma glucose in the fasting state. Insulin first acts directly upon adipose tissue to suppress lipolysis and decrease levels of circulating free fatty acids. This, in turn, may cause the inhibition of hepatic glucose production" provenance.
- _2 value "Two mechanisms have been identified to explain how insulin receptors promote insulin secretion in b cells. Insulin stimulates exocytosis of secretory vesicles (Aspinwall et al., 1999); exocytosis of insulin feeds back to promote transcription of the insulin gene, an effect mediated by insulin receptors, IRS2, and PI 3-kinase (Leibiger et al., 1998). This role for IRS2 in b cells helps to explain the observation that IRS2 knockout mice developed diabetes because of failure of insulin secretion to compensate for insulin resistance" provenance.
- _3 value "MLP thus seems to play an essential role during the rearrangement of cytoskeletal and/or myofibrillar structures in transforming adult muscle fibers." provenance.
- _3 value "Activin A (> or =1 nM) induced cornified envelope formation and the synthesis of loricrin, keratin 1, involucrin, and transglutaminase 1." provenance.
- _3 value "Furthermore, baseline and HA fragment-induced MME gene expression in alveolar Mphi from bleomycin-treated rats was inhibited by IFN-gamma. These data suggest that HA fragments may be an important mechanism for the expression of MME by Mphi in inflammatory lung disorders." provenance.
- _5 value "Furthermore, baseline and HA fragment-induced MME gene expression in alveolar Mphi from bleomycin-treated rats was inhibited by IFN-gamma. These data suggest that HA fragments may be an important mechanism for the expression of MME by Mphi in inflammatory lung disorders." provenance.
- _5 value "We have observed that NGF at doses as low as 10 ng/ml will induce IL-6 production and inhibit TNF-alpha release from rat peritoneal mast cells in the presence of lysophosphatidylserine as a cofactor. NGF synergizes with LPS treatment of peritoneal mast cells (PMC) for the induction of IL-6. Examination of the mechanism of this phenomenon has revealed that NGF can induce both rat PMC and mouse bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells to produce substantial levels of PGE2." provenance.
- _5 value "In FDCP2 myeloid cells, IL-4 activated cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases PDE3 and PDE4, whereas IL-3, granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), and phorbol ester (PMA) selectively activated PDE4." provenance.
- _4 value "Mkk3(-/-) mice were viable and fertile; however, they were defective in interleukin-12 (IL-12) production by macrophages and dendritic cells." provenance.
- _4 value "Mkk3(-/-) mice were viable and fertile; however, they were defective in interleukin-12 (IL-12) production by macrophages and dendritic cells." provenance.
- _6 value "We conclude that the mechanisms of activation of Stat1 and Stat3 by PDGFR are distinct. Stat1 activation appears to result from a direct interaction with the receptor, whereas Stat3 activation additionally requires JAK proteins." provenance.
- _3 value "Ariadne: While phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) upregulated the PAI-1 mRNA expression, a calcium ionophore, ionomycin, had little effect." provenance.
- _4 value "Using a different cPLA 2 inhibitor, arachidonyl trifluoromethyl ketone, Kuwata et al . ( 22 ) found that cPLA 2 inhibition blocked sPLA 2 expression in fibroblasts, leading to reduced PGE 2 generation." provenance.
- _4 value "# Ariadne: The direct molecular interaction of this triadin domain with the ryanodine receptor was confirmed by overlay assay and shown to induce the inhibition of the Ca 2+ channel activity of purified RyR in bilayer. [Binding]" provenance.
- _5 value "A second proposal has been that phosphorylation activates binding functions of moesin. In human platelets, for instance, thrombin activation leads to a rapid, but transient, increase in the phosphorylation of a single threonine, Thr558...This residue is conserved in moesin, ezrin, and radixin, and it is modified also in RAW macrophages (34), Swiss3T3 cells (29),1 NIH3T3 cells,2 and RB2H3 mast cells. Phosphorylation at this site is regulated by the activity of Rho, and Rho-associated kinase phosphorylates two residues in the C-terminal region, one of which is Thr558 (29). Thr558 can also be phosphorylated by theta-phosphokinase C (35)." provenance.
- _5 value "In addition, Phox1 and Elk-1 potentiate the ability of SRF to transcriptionally activate the c- fos promoter in response to growth-mediated events ( 18 )." provenance.
- _5 value "Modified assertion" provenance.
- _4 value "The chymotrypsin-like and peptidylglutamyl peptide bond hydrolyzing activities of the proteasome increased five weeks after retinoic acid," provenance.
- _6 value "Table 2: Classification of ligands according to their relative affinities toward ErbB-IgGs. I only too the High affinity (1-100 nM) and Very high affinity (<1 nM)." provenance.
- _7 value "Table 2: Classification of ligands according to their relative affinities toward ErbB-IgGs. I only too the High affinity (1-100 nM) and Very high affinity (<1 nM)." provenance.
- _7 value "Table 2: Classification of ligands according to their relative affinities toward ErbB-IgGs. I only too the High affinity (1-100 nM) and Very high affinity (<1 nM)." provenance.
- _6 value "Table 2: Classification of ligands according to their relative affinities toward ErbB-IgGs. I only too the High affinity (1-100 nM) and Very high affinity (<1 nM)." provenance.
- _6 value "Table 2: Classification of ligands according to their relative affinities toward ErbB-IgGs. I only too the High affinity (1-100 nM) and Very high affinity (<1 nM)." provenance.
- _6 value "Table 2: Classification of ligands according to their relative affinities toward ErbB-IgGs. I only too the High affinity (1-100 nM) and Very high affinity (<1 nM)." provenance.
- _4 value "As both nerve growth factor and neurotrophin-3 are known to affect the development of a variety of neurons expressing the brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( bdnf ) gene, this assay was used to determine levels in tissues isolated from newborn mice carrying a null mutation in the nerve growth factor ( ngf ) or the neurotrophin-3 ( nt3 ) gene." provenance.
- _3 value "Estradiol interacting with its cognate receptor reduces the accumulation of Nos2 in rat smooth muscle cell. This effect might be due to the activation of either estrogen receptor alpha or estrogen receptor beta. Treating the cell with Tamoxifen and ICI182,780 (antagonist of estrogen receptor) blocks the estradiol induced decrease of Nos2 protein content." provenance.
- _3 value "Such conditional mutant mice (knockout of wild type IL6ST under the Cre-Lox system) have normal cardiac structure and function, but during aortic pressure overload, these mice display rapid onset of dilated cardiomyopathy and massive induction of myocyte apoptosis versus the control mice that exhibit compensatory hypertrophy. " provenance.
- _6 value "stimulation of AT2 receptor in AT2 receptor cDNA-transfected rat adult vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) inhibited angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT (signal transducers and activators of transcription) 1alpha/beta, STAT2, and STAT3 without influence on Janus kinase" provenance.
- _6 value "stimulation of AT2 receptor in AT2 receptor cDNA-transfected rat adult vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) inhibited angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT (signal transducers and activators of transcription) 1alpha/beta, STAT2, and STAT3 without influence on Janus kinase" provenance.
- _9 value "stimulation of AT2 receptor in AT2 receptor cDNA-transfected rat adult vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) inhibited angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT (signal transducers and activators of transcription) 1alpha/beta, STAT2, and STAT3 without influence on Janus kinase" provenance.
- _6 value "stimulation of AT2 receptor in AT2 receptor cDNA-transfected rat adult vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) inhibited angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT (signal transducers and activators of transcription) 1alpha/beta, STAT2, and STAT3 without influence on Janus kinase" provenance.
- _6 value "stimulation of AT2 receptor in AT2 receptor cDNA-transfected rat adult vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) inhibited angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT (signal transducers and activators of transcription) 1alpha/beta, STAT2, and STAT3 without influence on Janus kinase" provenance.
- _4 value "native and recombinant protein harbored intrinsic magnesium-dependent bisphosphate nucleotidase activity (BPntase), which removed the 3'-phosphate from 3'-5' bisphosphate nucleosides and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate Lithium uncompetitively inhibited activity BPntase was competitively inhibited by inositol 1,4-bisphosphate" provenance.
- _4 value "IFN-gamma production and release stimulated by MBP was significantly suppressed in MS patients treated with IFNB1." provenance.
- _5 value "Receptor stimulation results in the activation of distinct combinations of Janus family protein tyrosine kinases (Jak PTKs); Jak1/Tyk2 and Jak1/Jak2 for IFN-alpha/beta and IFN-gamma, respectively." provenance.
- _3 value "Modified assertion" provenance.
- _4 value "Nonetheless, a functional link between TRAF2 and IKK activity in B cells is demonstrated by the fact that overexpression of TRAF2 constitutively induces IKK activity, NF-kappaB luciferase and Fas expression" provenance.
- _5 value "Cross-linking of CD43 induced tyrosine phosphorylation of several intracellular molecules including the protein tyrosine kinase Syk, the proto-oncogene product Cbl, and phospholipase C (PLC)-gamma2 in MO7e cells." provenance.
- _6 value "Cross-linking of CD43 induced tyrosine phosphorylation of several intracellular molecules including the protein tyrosine kinase Syk, the proto-oncogene product Cbl, and phospholipase C (PLC)-gamma2 in MO7e cells." provenance.
- _3 value "Pla2g6 does not require Ca for catalysis Pla2g6 generates lysophosphatidylcholine acceptors for arachidonic acid incorporation into phosphatidylcholine has been proposed because Pla2g6 inhibition reduces lysophosphatidylcholine levels and suppresses arachidonate incorporation and phsopholipid remodeling" provenance.
- _5 value "Within the proximal A1AR promoter, putative binding sites for cardiac transcription factors GATA and Nkx2.5 were identified. Co-expression studies revealed that GATA-4 and Nkx2.5 could individually drive A1AR promoter activity and act synergistically to activate A1AR expression" provenance.
- _3 value "The present study investigated the effect of middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion on the expression of Rheb mRNA in the rat brain. In situ hybridization autoradiography showed that Rheb mRNA was induced in the extensive regions of cerebral cortex and medial striatum surrounding the ischemic region and bilateral hippocampal formation following MCA occlusion." provenance.
- _5 value "Mutant HOS which lacks the F-box blocked TNF alpha-induced degradation of IkappaB as well as GSK3beta-mediated degradation of beta-catenin. This mutant also inhibited NF-kappaB transactivation and increased the beta-catenin-dependent transcription activity of Tcf" provenance.
- _3 value "Modified assertion" provenance.
- _5 value "Because these residues are required for enhanced MEF2C activity in monocytic cells, we tested whether MyoD activation of Gal4-MEF2C required the same amino acids. The combined mutation of both Thr293 and Thr300 to alanine (T293;300A) did not affect the basal activity of Gal4-MEF2C (Figure 3b, compare columns 3 and 5), but did enhance the activity of Gal4-MEF2C when MyoD+E12 were co-expressed (Figure 3b, compare columns 4 and 6). In contrast, mutation of Ser387 to alanine (S387A) decreased the basal activity of Gal4-MEF2C and completely eliminated its activation by co-transfected MyoD+E12 (Figure 3b, columns 7,8). Importantly, activation of the p38 kinase pathway did stimulate the function of the S387A Gal4-MEF2C mutant (data not shown; see also [25,27]), indicating that this mutation does not simply inactivate the protein. Therefore, MyoD activation of the MEF2C TAD requires Ser387, but neither Thr293 nor Thr300, of MEF2C." provenance.
- _5 value "In monocytic cells, mutation of these residues to alanine prevents MEF2C activation in response to either lipopolysaccharide stimulation or constitutive activation of the p38 kinase pathway [25]." provenance.
- _7 value "To test whether pRb is required for MyoD to activate the MEF2C TAD, we transfected Rb-/- fibroblasts with the Gal4-MEF2C fusion protein either alone or with MyoD and E12, in either the absence or the presence of exogenous pRb. When expressed alone, MyoD+E12 did not significantly stimulate Gal4-MEF2C function in these cells (Figure 3c, column 4). Similarly, the expression of pRb alone did not affect the activity of Gal4-MEF2C (Figure 3c, column 5); but, the combined expression of MyoD+E12 and pRb led to a 45-fold increase in the activity of Gal4-MEF2C (Figure 3c, column 6). These findings indicate that MyoDmediated activation of the MEF2C TAD requires pRb." provenance.
- _4 value "even though this fusion protein efficiently prevented BrdU uptake in MCK-CAT-positive cells (Figure 4h-j). As E2F1-pRb(SP) retained the anti-proliferative property of pRb but did not fully activate myogenesis on its own, we tested whether it could cooperate with MEF2C-VP16 in our myogenesis assays. The combination of MyoD+E12, MEF2C-VP16, and E2F1-pRb(SP) activated MCK-luciferase expression to a level equal to or greater than that achieved following co-transfection of MyoD+E12 with pRb (Figure 4a, compare columns 3 and 7), and led to the appearance of numerous cells in the culture that displayed very high levels of CAT staining and no BrdU incorporation (Figure 4k-m), very similar to what was observed following transfection of MyoD with pRb (Figure 4b-d). Cotransfection of E2F1-pRb(SP) and MEF2C-VP16 in the absence of MyoD did not induce the expression of MCK-CAT (data not shown). Thus, we were able to fully substitute for the loss of pRb by cotransfecting MyoD with an activated form of MEF2 and the cell-cycle-arresting molecule E2F1-pRb(SP)." provenance.
- _4 value "However, when the cells were treated with NGF, rPLD1a and rPLD1b mRNAs, but not rPLD2 mRNA, increased within 2 days and remained elevated up to 5 days." provenance.
- _5 value "These findings demonstrate that sensitization of human ovarian carcinoma cell lines to Fas-mediated apoptosis by IFN-gamma can be due, in part, to the induction of iNOS and the subsequent upregulation of Fas gene expression by reactive nitrogen intermediates" provenance.
- _2 value "Troponin T (TnT) is an essential protein in the transduction of the Ca2+-binding signal that triggers striated muscle contraction" provenance.
- _3 value "Diacerein and rhein, as well as hydrocortisone, significantly inhibited LPS-induced IL-1beta production by synovial tissue and cartilage." provenance.
- _3 value "The induction of p53, Bax, and Bcl-x mRNAs during hyperoxia was to a large extent prevented by KGF." provenance.
- _5 value "Pyk2-induced activation of Src is necessary for phosphorylation of Shc and p130Cas and their association with Grb2 and Crk, respectively, and for the activation of ERK and JNK cascades. Expression of a Grb2 mutant with a deletion of the amino-terminal Src homology 3 domain or the carboxyl-terminal tail of Sos strongly reduced Pyk2-induced ERK activation, with no apparent effect on JNK activity." provenance.
- _5 value "Pyk2-induced activation of Src is necessary for phosphorylation of Shc and p130Cas and their association with Grb2 and Crk, respectively, and for the activation of ERK and JNK cascades. Expression of a Grb2 mutant with a deletion of the amino-terminal Src homology 3 domain or the carboxyl-terminal tail of Sos strongly reduced Pyk2-induced ERK activation, with no apparent effect on JNK activity." provenance.
- _7 value "the Grb2/Sos complex connects Pyk2 to the activation of ERK, whereas adaptor proteins p130Cas and Crk link Pyk2 with the JNK pathway." provenance.
- _4 value "NE (22 h) increased MUC5AC protein and glycoprotein levels in A549 cell lysates compared with control cell lysates (Fig. 8, lanes 1 and 2)." provenance.
- _3 value "Expression of XO and NAD(P)H oxidase (p22phox, p67phox, and gp91phox) were increased by LPS in a time-dependent manner" provenance.
- _4 value "physiological concentrations of free and conjugated chenodeoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid and deoxycholic acid activated Fxr, an orphan nuclear receptor as ligands, these bile acids and their conjugates modulated interaction of Fxr with a peptide derived from steroid receptor coactivator 1 these results provide evidence for a nuclear bile acid signaling pathway that may regulate cholesterol homeostasis" provenance.
- _6 value "RAI specifically inhibited the DNA binding activity of p65 when co-transfected in 293 cells." provenance.
- _5 value "HsCdc6 is an excellent substrate for Cdk2 in vitro and is phosphorylated in vivo at three sites (Ser-54, Ser-74, and Ser-106) that are phosphorylated by Cdk2 in vitro, strongly suggesting that HsCdc6 is an in vivo Cdk substrate . . . It is thought that Cdk phosphorylation of Cdc6p and Cdc18 triggers their degradation through a ubiquitination-mediated protein-degradation pathway (11–13)." provenance.
- _5 value "HsCdc6 is an excellent substrate for Cdk2 in vitro and is phosphorylated in vivo at three sites (Ser-54, Ser-74, and Ser-106) that are phosphorylated by Cdk2 in vitro, strongly suggesting that HsCdc6 is an in vivo Cdk substrate . . . It is thought that Cdk phosphorylation of Cdc6p and Cdc18 triggers their degradation through a ubiquitination-mediated protein-degradation pathway (11–13)." provenance.
- _5 value "PhosphoElm data from PMID 15212693" provenance.
- _7 value "Activin-A blocked IL-10, FS, and DHT stimulated growth and PSA production" provenance.
- _4 value "Treatment of PC12 cells with Ngf gradually increased the App expression. The phosphorylated form of App at Thr668 (numbering for APP695) increased dramatically after 48 hours of Ngf treatment." provenance.
- _4 value "It has been found in this study that TGFbeta1 inhibits the expression of IL-8 receptor type B (IL-8RB) in isolated myometrial cells." provenance.
- _4 value "TPA induces phosphorylation of MEK1/2 on Ser-217/Ser-221 by PKC. TPA-induced phosphorylation of MEK1/2 is inhibited by PKC inhibitor H7, but not by GF109203X, which shows MEK activation depends on PKC isotype, which is distinct from that involved in SEK1-JNK activation in human colon cancer cells. Activated Ki-ras is not involved in MEK1/2-ERK pathway." provenance.
- _3 value "C/ATF protein levels increased after the cAMP signal stimulation" provenance.
- _5 value "The extracellular accumulation of PN-II was also strongly stimulated either by interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) treatment or to a lesser extent by basic fibroblast growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, hepatocyte growth factor or epidermal growth factor." provenance.
- _3 value "Ariadne: Polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit S14 gene transcription in rat liver and cultured hepatocytes." provenance.
- _3 value "We report here that aldosterone rapidly increases mRNA levels of a putative Ser/Thr kinase, sgk (or serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase), in its native target cells, i.e. in cortical collecting duct cells." provenance.
- _3 value "A basal expression of NOS II mRNA and protein was detected in skeletal muscle from untreated wild-type mice; expression increased when mice were treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)." provenance.
- _4 value "Here we report that murine macrophages stimulated to produce NO with lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma express the betaminor hemoglobin subunit. Consumption of NO, however, was not increased by cytokines or by hemoglobin expression. These data suggest alternative functions for globins in mammalian cells, and they challenge the prevailing view that the expression of alpha- and beta-globin genes is always balanced and coordinated." provenance.