Matches in Nanopublications for { ?s <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value> ?o ?g. }
- _7 value "Thrombin is the main effector protease of the coagulation cascade. Factor Xa, activated by factor VIIa and tissue factor, converts prothrombin to active thrombin." provenance.
- _3 value "The NO generation by endothelial cells is constitutive but may be enhanced by a wide variety of compounds, including acetylcholine, angiotensin II, bradykinin, histamine, adenine nucleotides, arachidonic acid" provenance.
- _3 value "The NO generation by endothelial cells is constitutive but may be enhanced by a wide variety of compounds, including acetylcholine, angiotensin II, bradykinin, histamine, adenine nucleotides, arachidonic acid" provenance.
- _3 value "The NO generation by endothelial cells is constitutive but may be enhanced by a wide variety of compounds, including acetylcholine, angiotensin II, bradykinin, histamine, adenine nucleotides, arachidonic acid" provenance.
- _5 value "EDRF diffuses to the vascular smooth muscle cells where it stimulates soluble guanylate cyclase, resulting in an increased formation of cyclic GMP and subsequent relaxation (Fig. 2A) (Denninger and Marletta, 1999)." provenance.
- _5 value "EDRF diffuses to the vascular smooth muscle cells where it stimulates soluble guanylate cyclase, resulting in an increased formation of cyclic GMP and subsequent relaxation (Fig. 2A) (Denninger and Marletta, 1999)." provenance.
- _6 value "the endothelinB (ETB) receptor is situated on the endothelial cells and has a similar affinity for the three endothelin isoforms." provenance.
- _4 value "Vasoconstricting agents like ET-1 also exert mitogenic activity on smooth muscle cells (Alberts et al., 1994) while EDRF and PGI2 inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation" provenance.
- _5 value "Receptor-mediated agonist stimulation (e.g., bradykinin, acetylcholine, thrombin, histamine,...) leads to rapid enzyme activation by depalmitoylation, binding to calmodulin/calcium, displacement displacement of caveolin and release from the plasma membrane(Govers and Rabelink, 2001; Marletta, 2001)." provenance.
- _5 value "eNOS activity is also regulated at the transcriptional level: VEGF, insulin, bFGF increase eNOS expression while hypoxia and oxidized LDL decrease it (Sase and Michel, 1997)." provenance.
- _4 value "eNOS activity is also regulated at the transcriptional level: VEGF, insulin, bFGF increase eNOS expression while hypoxia and oxidized LDL decrease it (Sase and Michel, 1997)." provenance.
- _4 value "Shear stress causes rapid eNOS activation and upregulates eNOS gene expression by transcription activation of the eNOS promoter (Xiao et al., 1997)." provenance.
- _4 value "the induced adherence in inflammatory situation requires induction of L-selectin ligand and/or of E- and P-selectins on the endothelial surface. E-selectin is transcriptionally induced by cytokines such as IL-1, TNF-α, or by LPS (Klein et al., 1995; Scholz et al., 1996)." provenance.
- _5 value "In contrast, P-selectin is stored in the membrane of storage granules, the Weibel– Palade bodies, in endothelial cells (McEver et al., 1989). Fusion of these granules with the plasma membrane is rapidly stimulated by proinflammatory mediators such as histamine and thrombin." provenance.
- _7 value "L-selectin (constitutive rolling on endothelial cells) and P- and/or E-selectins (inflammatory mediatorinduced capture) work cooperatively to initiate leukocyte migration." provenance.
- _4 value "Specific increased expression of glycolytic enzymes, glucose tranporter GLUT-1, VEGF, tyrosine hydroxylase, transferrin, and erythropoietin is observed, all proteins involved in the adaptative response of cells to hypoxia." provenance.
- _4 value "Furthermore, epidermal growth factor and its receptor (EGFR), as well as the breast cancer-related protein ERBB-2, have been reported to mediate up-regulation of b1 integrin function and breast cancer progression. Activation of PI3-kinase plays a role in the signalling of both of these receptors. 74 It has also been suggested that the overexpression of breast cancer-related protein ERBB-2 may induce fibronectin-dependent invasion with concomitant down-regulation of a4 integrin cell surface expression. 75" provenance.
- _6 value "Likewise, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) stimulates an increase in the activity of integrin aVb5 and MMP-9, thereby increasing cell migration through vitronectin-coated filters. Additionally, IGF-I is reportedly able to stimulate cell migration on type IV collagen and vitronectin-coated membranes. These effects are presumably mediated by aVb5 and a2b1 integrins. 70 , 71" provenance.
- _11 value "The expression of a6b4 integrin may also inhibit malignant properties of breast cancer cells by inducing apoptosis via activation of p53. However, the expression of this integrin may facilitate carcinoma progression if p53 is in a mutated, inactive form. 85 , 86 It has also been suggested that integrin a6b4-mediated invasion occurs through PI3-kinase signalling. 87 In human breast cancer, integrin aVb3 has been found in both active and inactive forms. It has been proposed that the active form promotes metastatic capability via interaction with platelets. 88 In one experimental mouse model, the metastatic capacity of human breast cancer cells has been reduced by using the snake venom disintegrin, contortrostatin, which can bind to aVb3 integrin. 89 Another vitronectin receptor, aVb5, has also been found to have a role in the invasion process. Some results indicate that aVb5-dependent breast cancer cell migration may be partly regulated by urokinase. Urokinase receptor (uPAR) can interact with aVb5 and aVb1 integrins, and aVb5-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangement and activation of protein kinase C occurs in response to urokinase." provenance.
- _7 value "Entrez Gene summary: Rat: SUMMARY: activates RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 GTPases, plays a role in regulation of calcium ion dependent exocytosis, may regulate actin filament reorganization [RGD]" provenance.
- _6 value "Entrez Gene summary: Rat: SUMMARY: Ca(2+)-binding molecular chaperone that promotes folding of proteins carrying N-linked glycans [RGD] ... Human: Calreticulin is a multifunctional protein that acts as a major Ca(2+)-binding (storage) protein in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. It is also found in the nucleus, suggesting that it may have a role in transcription regulation. Calreticulin binds to the synthetic peptide KLGFFKR, which is almost identical to an amino acid sequence in the DNA-binding domain of the superfamily of nuclear receptors. Calreticulin binds to antibodies in certain sera of systemic lupus and Sjogren patients which contain anti-Ro/SSA antibodies, it is highly conserved among species, and it is located in the endoplasmic and sarcoplasmic reticulum where it may bind calcium. The amino terminus of calreticulin interacts with the DNA-binding domain of the glucocorticoid receptor and prevents the receptor from binding to its specific glucocorticoid response element. Calreticulin can inhibit the binding of androgen receptor to its hormone-responsive DNA element and can inhibit androgen receptor and retinoic acid receptor transcriptional activities in vivo, as well as retinoic acid-induced neuronal differentiation. Thus, calreticulin can act as an important modulator of the regulation of gene transcription by nuclear hormone receptors. Systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with increased autoantibody titers against calreticulin but calreticulin is not a Ro/SS-A antigen. Earlier papers referred to calreticulin as an Ro/SS-A antigen but this was later disproven. Increased autoantibody titer against human calreticulin is found in infants with complete congenital heart block of both the IgG and IgM classes. OMIM summary: (summary is not available from this source)" provenance.
- _3 value "Accumulation of subendothelial lipoproteins causes 1)lipoprotein oxidation, 2) endothelial alterations, 3)inflammatory responses includin T cell recruitment, cytokine secretion, monocyte chemotaxis, and subendothelial macrophage accumulation, 4) and intracellular cholesterol accumulation on macrophages." provenance.
- _5 value "Both cholesterol and certain oxysterols, such as 25OH and 7K, suppress the proteolytic activation of sterol response element binding protein. This in turn leads to transcriptional down regulation of the LDL receptor and certain enzymes in the cholesterol biosynthetic and fatty acid synthesis and metabolic pathways." provenance.
- _8 value "Page 12" provenance.
- _4 value "Page 14 Page 15" provenance.
- _5 value "Page 14 Page 15" provenance.
- _6 value "Page 29 Page 31" provenance.
- _3 value "Page 4" provenance.
- _5 value "Page 7" provenance.
- _6 value "Page 7" provenance.
- _6 value "Page 7" provenance.
- _4 value "Page 8" provenance.
- _6 value "Page 8" provenance.
- _6 value "Page 8" provenance.
- _6 value "Page 9" provenance.
- _6 value "Page 9" provenance.
- _6 value "Page 9" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
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- _4 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _7 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "% Entrez Gene summary: Rat: SUMMARY: precursor protein of kinin which is found in plasma; cysteine protease inhibitor and a major acute phase reactant [RGD] OMIM summary: (summary is not available from this source) kininogens; Endogenous peptides present in most body fluids. Certain enzymes convert them to active kinins which are involved in inflammation, blood clotting, complement reactions, etc. Kininogens belong to the cystatin superfamily. They are cysteine proteinase inhibitors. High-molecular-weight kininogen (hmwk) is split by plasma kallikrein to produce bradykinin. Low-molecular-weight kininogen (lmwk) is split by tissue kallikrein to produce kallidin. kinins; Inflammatory mediators that cause dilation of blood vessels and altered vascular permeability. Kinins are small peptides produced from kininogen by kallikrein and are broken down by kininases. Act on phospholipase and increase arachidonic acid release and thus prostaglandin (PGE2) production. bradykinin; Vasoactive nonapeptide (RPPGFSPFR) formed by action of proteases on kininogens. Very similar to kallidin (which has the same sequence but with an additional N terminal lysine). Bradykinin is a very potent vasodilator and increases permeability of post capillary venules, it acts on endothelial cells to activate phospholipase A2. It is also spasmogenic for some smooth muscle and will cause pain. kallidin; Decapeptide (lysyl bradykinin, amino acid sequence KRPPGFSPFR) produced in kidney. Like bradykinin, an inflammatory mediator (a kinin), causes dilation of renal blood vessels and increased water excretion." provenance.
- _4 value "JNK pathway activated by paclitaxel," provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
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- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _4 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _7 value "Reduction of HMG-CoA produces mevalonate. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) catalyzes the four-electron reduction of HMG-CoA to mevalonate. Mevalonate concentrations in the cell are tightly controlled through the activity of HMGR, which is one of the most highly regulated enzymes known (Goldstein and Brown 1990)." provenance.
- _5 value "the induction of peroxisomal beta-oxidation by xenobiotic proliferators or fatty acids involves the peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptors, PPARs, which are members of the nuclear hormone receptor family and which recognize peroxisomal proliferator response elements upstream of the affected structural genes" provenance.
- _5 value "the induction of peroxisomal beta-oxidation by xenobiotic proliferators or fatty acids involves the peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptors, PPARs, which are members of the nuclear hormone receptor family and which recognize peroxisomal proliferator response elements upstream of the affected structural genes" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _7 value "A group of 2-indolyl imidazol [4,5-d] phenanthroline derivatives with potent and selective anti-proliferative activity against several types of human cancer has been developed. A pattern of particular tumor-type selectivity was shown in the in vitro anti-tumor screening of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Developmental Therapeutics Program. Lead compounds showed potent and selective growth inhibition of colon cancer [N= 6 cell lines; GI50 0.53 +- 0.11 (uM)], leukemia [N=3 cell lines; GI50 0.17 +- 0.09 (uM)], non-small cell lung cancer [NSCLC N = 8 cell lines; GI50 0.95 +- 0.4 (uM)], and prostate cancer [N= 2 cell lines; GI50 0.22 +- 0.05 (uM)]. These compounds also exhibited in vivo activity in the Hollow Fiber Assay, and in xenograft models of human colon carcinoma (HT-29) and NSCLC (H460) in athymic \"nude\" mice. These studies demonstrated significant tumor growth inhibition and in vivo cytocidal effect on implanted cancer cells. Dose-schedule studies defined oral and intraperitoneal therapeutic dosages ranging from 40 mg/Kg to 100 mg/Kg daily x 5 days (tumor volume change ratio T/C = 15-45 %) with no signs of apparent toxicity. Analysis of gene expression by quantitative RT-PCR in tumor xenograft tissue from treated mice showed strong induction of the tumor suppressor gene Kruppel -like factor 4 (KLF4) and decreased expression of the cell cycle associated gene Cyclin D1. Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry showed that these compounds block the cell cycle progression of HT-29 cells at G1 phase. Additional mechanism of action studies demonstrated that they reduce the concentration of available intracellular zinc, reflected by decreased fluorescent count using the zinc-sensitive dye zinquin, and decreased gene expression of the zinc-storage protein metallothionein 1A. Further studies showed that this effect translated into a series of events that included: (1) reduced gene expression of the metal-responsive transcription factor 1 (MTF-1), as determined by RT-PCR; (2) down-regulation of the KLF4- transcriptional antagonist Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) and induction of KLF4, as determined by RT-PCR and Western blot; and (3) altered expression of several known KLF-4-regulated genes involved in cell cycle progression, including cyclin D1. Taken together, the results indicate intracellular zinc depletion leading to induction of KLF4 as a key process involved in the mechanism of anti-tumor activity of these novel compounds. Additional mechanism of action studies demonstrated that they reduce the concentration of available intracellular zinc, reflected by decreased fluorescent count using the zinc-sensitive dye zinquin, and decreased gene expression of the zinc-storage protein metallothionein 1A. Further studies showed that this effect translated into a series of events that included: (1) reduced gene expression of the metal-responsive transcription factor 1 (MTF-1), as determined by RT-PCR; (2) down-regulation of the KLF4- transcriptional antagonist Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) and induction of KLF4, as determined by RT-PCR and Western blot; and (3) altered expression of several known KLF-4-regulated genes involved in cell cycle progression, including cyclin D1." provenance.
- _4 value "Addition of mMaspin to the cell culture inhibits the invasion of both CSML0 and CSML100 cells." provenance.
- _4 value "APOB is an essential component of chylomicrons, VLDLs and LDLs VLDLs and chylomicrons contain APOE and APOC, and chylomicrons also contain some APOA1 and APOA2" provenance.
- _3 value "SREBPs are master regulators of fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis at the level of transcription the transcriptionally active forms of SREBPs are produced from precursor proteins by a sterol-dependent proteolytic cleavage SREBPs coordinantly increase the expression of genes involved in synthesizing fatty acids, fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, and cholesterol, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, as well as the microsomal triacylglycerol transfer protein all these components are required for VLDL assembly" provenance.
- _4 value "Cells treated with rMaspin were 27% more adhesive to fibronectin than the untreated control cells" provenance.
- _4 value "Cells treated with rMaspin were also 43% less invasive (in vitro) through a fibronectin/gelatin matrix compared to the untreated control cells." provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _7 value "OMIM summary: Human: Dual-specificity phosphatases, such as DUSP10, negatively regulate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade by dephosphorylating both the threonine and tyrosine residues in TxY motifs in MAPKs ({1:Masuda et al., 2000}). Pubmed titles from omim summary: (summary is not available from this source) Entrez Gene GeneRifs summary: Human: Dual specificity protein phosphatases inactivate their target kinases by dephosphorylating both the phosphoserine/threonine and phosphotyrosine residues. They negatively regulate members of the MAPK superfamily (MAPK/ERK, SAPK/JNK, p38), which is associated with cellular proliferation and differentiation. Different members of this family of dual specificity phosphatases show distinct substrate specificities for MAPKs, different tissue distribution and subcellular localization, and different modes of inducibility of their expression by extracellular stimuli. This gene product binds to and inactivates p38 and SAPK/JNK, but not MAPK/ERK." provenance.
- _7 value "Entrez Gene summary: Rat: SUMMARY: plays a role in electron transport [RGD] % ... Human: Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase is a flavoprotein that donates electrons to all microsomal P450 enzymes, including the steroidogenic enzymes P450c17 (CYP17A1; MIM 202110), P450c21 (CYP21A2; MIM 201910), and CYP51A1 (MIM 601637) (Miller, 1986).[supplied by OMIM] % OMIM summary: Human: Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase is a flavoprotein that donates electrons to all microsomal P450 enzymes, including the steroidogenic enzymes P450c17 (CYP17A1; {202110}), P450c21 (CYP21A2; {201910}), and CYP51A1 ({601637}) ({6:Miller, 1986})." provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "hypoglycemia" provenance.
- _4 value "% Entrez Gene summary: Human: This gene encodes the homolog of the mouse protein Cidea that has been shown to activate apoptosis. This activation of apoptosis is inhibited by the DNA fragmentation factor DFF45 but not by caspase inhibitors. Mice that lack functional Cidea have higher metabolic rates, higher lipolysis in brown adipose tissue and higher core body temperatures when subjected to cold. These mice are also resistant to diet-induced obesity and diabetes. This suggests that in mice this gene product plays a role in thermogenesis and lipolysis. Two alternative transcripts encoding different isoforms have been identified." provenance.
- _3 value "Insulin resistance creates a relative insulin deficiency" provenance.
- _4 value "Identification of Genes Associated with Increased Bone Marrow Angiogenesis in Multiple Myeloma" provenance.
- _4 value "Identification of Genes Associated with Increased Bone Marrow Angiogenesis in Multiple Myeloma" provenance.
- _4 value "Identification of Genes Associated with Increased Bone Marrow Angiogenesis in Multiple Myeloma" provenance.
- _4 value "The homeodomain transcription factor EMX2 is critical for central nervous system and urogenital development." provenance.
- _5 value "The encoded protein binds to and prevents the activation of cyclin E-CDK2 or cyclin D-CDK4 complexes, and thus controls the cell cycle progression at G1." provenance.
- _5 value "OMIM summary: Human: Mammalian P2X receptors, such as P2RX5, belong to a multigene family of nonselective cation channels activated by extracellular ATP. Pubmed titles from omim summary: (summary is not available from this source) Entrez Gene GeneRifs summary: Human: The product of this gene belongs to the family of purinoceptors for ATP. This receptor functions as a ligand-gated ion channel. Several characteristic motifs of ATP-gated channels are present in its primary structure, but, unlike other members of the purinoceptors family, this receptor has only a single transmembrane domain. Three transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. ... Rat: SUMMARY: an ATP-gated ion channel [RGD] Pubmed titles from gene summary: (summary is not available from this source) Jubilant PathArt summary: (summary is not available from this source) Ariadne Resnet summary: (summary is not available from this source)" provenance.
- _6 value "Binding of TGF induces phosphorylation and activation of the TGF-beta R1 receptor by the TGF-beta R2 receptor." provenance.
- _6 value "The activated TGF-beta R1 phosphorylates SMAD2 and SMAD3, which bind to the SMAD4 mediator to move into the nucleus and form complexes that regulate transcription." provenance.
- _6 value "The activated TGF-beta R1 phosphorylates SMAD2 and SMAD3, which bind to the SMAD4 mediator to move into the nucleus and form complexes that regulate transcription." provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _6 value "Hypoxanthine + H2O + O2 => Xanthine + H2O2. At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'Oxygen', 1 molecule of 'H2O', and 1 molecule of 'Hypoxanthine' are present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'Xanthine', and 1 molecule of 'H2O2' are present.<br><br> This reaction takes place in the 'cytosol' and is mediated by the 'xanthine oxidase activity' of 'Xanthine oxidase homodimer-(FAD-Mo-[2Fe-2S]) complex'.<br>" provenance.
- _3 value "The growth of some breast cancers is stimulated by oestrogen, and that of some prostate cancers by testosterone. Because these cancers are sensitive to the sex hormones, goserelin can be used in their treatment. Reducing the body's levels of these hormones causes the tumours to shrink." provenance.
- _3 value "Non-specific PDE inhibitor causes vascular injury in rat" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.