Matches in Nanopublications for { ?s <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value> ?o ?g. }
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _4 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _6 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Both the AMPK and CaMK signal transduction pathways are believed to be contraction-responsive and have been shown to regulate the expression of mitochondrial transcription factors and increase mitochondrial biogenesis." provenance.
- _4 value "Integrins are receptor proteins that bind and respond to the extracellular matrix and have been identified as possible inducers of hypertrophy signalling in response to mechanical stresses (Carson and Wei, 2000)." provenance.
- _5 value "The growth factor IGF-II has been found to activate NF-kappaB and effect myogenesis (Kaliman et al., 1999)." provenance.
- _4 value "some induced in all drug-treated male groups (Ppp1r3b), and others repressed in all drug-treated male groups (Cyp26b1, Meox2)." provenance.
- _4 value "% OMIM summary: Human: CD14 is a single-copy gene encoding 2 protein forms: a 50- to 55-kD glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein (mCD14) and a monocyte or liver-derived soluble serum protein (sCD14) that lacks the anchor. Both molecules are critical for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-dependent signal transduction, and sCD14 confers LPS sensitivity to cells lacking mCD14. Increased sCD14 levels are associated with inflammatory infectious diseases and high mortality in gram-negative shock ({12:LeVan et al., 2001})." provenance.
- _7 value "Entrez Gene summary: Rat: SUMMARY: interacts with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha); can form a dimer with other nuclear hormone receptors [RGD] ... Human: The protein encoded by this gene is an unusual orphan receptor that contains a putative ligand-binding domain but lacks a conventional DNA-binding domain. The gene product is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor family, a group of transcription factors regulated by small hydrophobic hormones, a subset of which do not have known ligands and are referred to as orphan nuclear receptors. The protein has been shown to interact with retinoid and thyroid hormone receptors, inhibiting their ligand-dependent transcriptional activation. In addition, interaction with estrogen receptors has been demonstrated, leading to inhibition of function. Studies suggest that the protein represses nuclear hormone receptor-mediated transactivation via two separate steps: competition with coactivators and the direct effects of its transcriptional repressor function. OMIM summary: Human: The nuclear receptor superfamily is a group of transcription factors regulated by small hydrophobic hormones such as retinoic acid, thyroid hormone, and steroids. This superfamily also includes orphan nuclear receptors, such as NR0B2, which are related proteins that do not have known ligands ({7:Seol et al., 1996})." provenance.
- _6 value "from http://harvester.embl.de/harvester/P096/P09619.htm phosphorylates tyr residues at the c-terminus of ptpn11" provenance.
- _6 value "from http://www.neuroseminars.ku.dk/2004_1/may_5.html Upstreams GSK3 serine kinases are e.g. PKB/Akt, PKC and p90rsk After acute MPTP, the relation of GSK3b-ser9 to total GSK3b increased at least 20-fold in the striatum, but not in the nigra" provenance.
- _6 value "from http://www.ub.rug.nl/eldoc/dis/medicine/n.wilczak/c1.pdf The intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity of the IGF-I receptor is enhanced and phosphorylates multiple substrates, including IRS1 and IRS2 on tyrosine residues" provenance.
- _3 value "Elevated glucose levels result in the formation of sorbitol (a sugar alcohol) via the aldose reductase pathway" provenance.
- _6 value "Hypoxanthine + H2O + O2 => Xanthine + H2O2. At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'Oxygen', 1 molecule of 'H2O', and 1 molecule of 'Hypoxanthine' are present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'Xanthine', and 1 molecule of 'H2O2' are present.<br><br> This reaction takes place in the 'cytosol' and is mediated by the 'xanthine oxidase activity' of 'Xanthine oxidase homodimer-(FAD-Mo-[2Fe-2S]) complex'.<br>" provenance.
- _5 value "Cell death by apoptosis is recognized as a significant event influencing the development and stability of the atherosclerotic lesion. Evidence suggests that the predominant cell type undergoing apoptosis in formed lesions is the macrophage. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) have been previously reported to induce apoptosis in several cell types. Their extensive use in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia therefore justifies the examination of the effects of statins on macrophages. Incubation of thioglycollate-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages (Tg-MPM) with simvastatin (10 ?M) leads to an induction of apoptosis, as measured by DNA fragmentation, cell morphology changes and phosphatidylserine externalization. Simvastatin- induced apoptosis is accompanied by specific induction of caveolin-1 expression, as assessed by immunoblotting. Simvastatin exposure has no significant effect on caveolin-2 expression. The statin- induced caveolin-1 expression is dose- and time- dependent, with a 20- fold induction in macrophages treated with 10 ?M simvastatin for 72 hrs. Increased caveolin-1 expression is at least partially the result of increased caveolin-1 mRNA levels, as simvastatin treatment increases caveolin-1 mRNA 2- fold. Addition of mevalonate (100 ?M) completely prevents the simvastatin- induced apoptosis as well as increase in caveolin-1. Because the simvastatin- mediated increase in caveolin-1 expression correlates with the degree of apoptosis, we also examined caveolin expression in macrophages deprived of glucose or treated with ethanol. Both treatments induced macrophage apoptosis in a time dependent manner with a concomitant and specific increase in caveolin-1 expression. In conclusion, our data suggest that increased caveolin-1 expression in macrophages undergoing apoptosis is not specific to simvastatin action but rather to induction of apoptosis. This suggests that caveolin and cholesterol-rich membrane domains such as caveolae/lipid rafts may be of general importance in the activation of the apoptotic cascade and influence the extent of macrophage apoptosis in the lesion area." provenance.
- _3 value "Cell death by apoptosis is recognized as a significant event influencing the development and stability of the atherosclerotic lesion. Evidence suggests that the predominant cell type undergoing apoptosis in formed lesions is the macrophage. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) have been previously reported to induce apoptosis in several cell types. Their extensive use in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia therefore justifies the examination of the effects of statins on macrophages. Incubation of thioglycollate-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages (Tg-MPM) with simvastatin (10 ?M) leads to an induction of apoptosis, as measured by DNA fragmentation, cell morphology changes and phosphatidylserine externalization. Simvastatin- induced apoptosis is accompanied by specific induction of caveolin-1 expression, as assessed by immunoblotting. Simvastatin exposure has no significant effect on caveolin-2 expression. The statin- induced caveolin-1 expression is dose- and time- dependent, with a 20- fold induction in macrophages treated with 10 ?M simvastatin for 72 hrs. Increased caveolin-1 expression is at least partially the result of increased caveolin-1 mRNA levels, as simvastatin treatment increases caveolin-1 mRNA 2- fold. Addition of mevalonate (100 ?M) completely prevents the simvastatin- induced apoptosis as well as increase in caveolin-1. Because the simvastatin- mediated increase in caveolin-1 expression correlates with the degree of apoptosis, we also examined caveolin expression in macrophages deprived of glucose or treated with ethanol. Both treatments induced macrophage apoptosis in a time dependent manner with a concomitant and specific increase in caveolin-1 expression. In conclusion, our data suggest that increased caveolin-1 expression in macrophages undergoing apoptosis is not specific to simvastatin action but rather to induction of apoptosis. This suggests that caveolin and cholesterol-rich membrane domains such as caveolae/lipid rafts may be of general importance in the activation of the apoptotic cascade and influence the extent of macrophage apoptosis in the lesion area." provenance.
- _7 value "The sentence Diabetes 2003 Jun 52(6) 1319-25 (Jubilant) Treatment of cells with MAPK inhibitor PD98059 decreased insulin stimulated phosphorylation of IRS1 on Ser 636 indicating that the insulin stimulated IRS1 phosphorylation is mediated by ERK1/2. is translated to Activation of IRS1 (Homo sapiens) Protein by MAPK3 (Homo sapiens) Protein" provenance.
- _6 value "Entrez Gene summary: Human: This gene encodes a membrane protein, which is involved in the increase in intracellular calcium concentration that occurs upon cell adhesion to extracellular matrix. The encoded protein is also a receptor for the C-terminal cell binding domain of thrombospondin, and it may play a role in membrane transport and signal transduction. This gene has broad tissue distribution, and is reduced in expression on Rh erythrocytes. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene." provenance.
- _6 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _6 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _4 value "The expression of this gene is stimulated by glucocorticoids and interleukin 10, and it appears to play a key role in the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of this steroid and chemokine" provenance.
- _5 value "Pyruvate dehydrogenase regulation High levels of either product, acetyl-CoA or NADH, allosterically inhibit the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Acetyl-CoA specifically blocks dihydrolipoyl transacetylase (Dlat), and NADH acts on dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (Dld)" provenance.
- _6 value "GSK PI3K Phase 2, part 1: List of non-position specific phosphorylation effects on parent protein's activity, derived from existing causal assertions of position-specific phosphorylations on the parent protein activity." provenance.
- _6 value "GSK PI3K Phase 2, part 1: List of non-position specific phosphorylation effects on parent protein's activity, derived from existing causal assertions of position-specific phosphorylations on the parent protein activity." provenance.
- _6 value "GSK PI3K Phase 2, part 1: List of non-position specific phosphorylation effects on parent protein's activity, derived from existing causal assertions of position-specific phosphorylations on the parent protein activity." provenance.
- _6 value "GSK PI3K Phase 2, part 1: List of non-position specific phosphorylation effects on parent protein's activity, derived from existing causal assertions of position-specific phosphorylations on the parent protein activity." provenance.
- _6 value "GSK PI3K Phase 2, part 1: List of non-position specific phosphorylation effects on parent protein's activity, derived from existing causal assertions of position-specific phosphorylations on the parent protein activity." provenance.
- _7 value "Entrez Gene summary: Human: MaxiK channels are large conductance, voltage and calcium-sensitive potassium channels which are fundamental to the control of smooth muscle tone and neuronal excitability. MaxiK channels can be formed by 2 subunits: the pore-forming alpha subunit and the modulatory beta subunit. The protein encoded by this gene is an auxiliary beta subunit which slows activation kinetics, leads to steeper calcium sensitivity, and shifts the voltage range of current activation to more negative potentials than does the beta 1 subunit." provenance.
- _5 value "Entrez Gene summary: Human: MaxiK channels are large conductance, voltage and calcium-sensitive potassium channels which are fundamental to the control of smooth muscle tone and neuronal excitability. MaxiK channels can be formed by 2 subunits: the pore-forming alpha subunit and the modulatory beta subunit. The protein encoded by this gene is an auxiliary beta subunit which slows activation kinetics, leads to steeper calcium sensitivity, and shifts the voltage range of current activation to more negative potentials than does the beta 1 subunit." provenance.
- _5 value "A recent study also demonstrated that activation of PPAR-g by its ligands caused dramatic morphological and nuclear changes that were characteristic of a more differentiated, less malignant state in breast cancer cells. Associated with these changes were the increase of maspin expression and arrest of cell cycle" provenance.
- _5 value "Deletion analysis showed that deletion of an Ets site located at the region from 112 bp to 90 bp, abolished completely maspin activity, suggesting that this Ets was the major positivecis element within 1 kb responsible for up-regulation of maspin in normal mammary epithelial cells. Further analysis confirmed that this Ets site cooperated with a downstream Ap1 site for synergistic activation in normal breast cells; however this cooperative transactivation between Ets and Ap1 was lost in primary breast tumor 21NT cells." provenance.
- _4 value "At some level of cAMP production, the cAMP response element binding protein transcription factors become phosporulated by protein kinase A and upregulate cAMP-responsive gene expression leading to increased receptor expression." provenance.
- _4 value "Glucose transport is stimulated bia GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane, and lipoprotein lipase secretion (and therefore fatty acid uptake) is enhanced. In addition, insulin reduces dramatically the number of cell surface beta adrenegic receptors, which further desensitizes the adipocyte to lipolytic stimuli" provenance.
- _4 value "Glucose transport is stimulated bia GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane, and lipoprotein lipase secretion (and therefore fatty acid uptake) is enhanced. In addition, insulin reduces dramatically the number of cell surface beta adrenegic receptors, which further desensitizes the adipocyte to lipolytic stimuli" provenance.
- _4 value "Leptin receptors are members of the class 1 cytokine receptor family and are linked to JAK-STAT signalling systems. The short term regulatin of leptin expression is influenced by a number of factors that regulate CEBP alpha and PPAR gama activity on the leptin promotor. ...Insulin, glucose, and glucocorticoids induce ob (leptin) espression. while fasting, cold exposure, beta3 agonists, catecholamine stimulation and thiazolidinediones all decrease leptin expression. Leptin works to suppress appetite by affecting the synthesis and or action of a complex system of neuropeptides including neuropeptide Y, MCH, POMC, alphaMSH, all of which directly or indirectly influence food intake." provenance.
- _4 value "TNF alpha, interleukin 1, and some interferons also increase lipolysis. altthough the mechanism is probably post-transcriptional, since Norther blot analysis shows that TNF alpha and the interferons decrease the level of HSL mRNA" provenance.
- _5 value "page 269 SREBP2 knockout mice are embryonic lethal" provenance.
- _5 value "Treatment of HL-60 cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a protein kinase C (PKC) activator, or dibutyryl-cyclic AMP (dbcAMP), a protein kinase A (PKA) activator, resulted in a 90% decrease in the level of TfR mRNA" provenance.
- _5 value "The muscle acetylcholine receptor consiststs of 5 subunits of 4 different types: 2 alpha isoforms and 1 each of beta, gamma, and delta subunits.2 This gene encodes an alpha subunit that plays a role in acetlycholine binding/channel gating. The muscarinic cholinergic receptors belong to a larger family of G protein-coupled receptors. The muscarinic cholinergic receptor 3 controls smooth muscle contraction and its stimulation causes secretion of glandular tissue" provenance.
- _4 value "The muscle acetylcholine receptor consiststs of 5 subunits of 4 different types: 2 alpha isoforms and 1 each of beta, gamma, and delta subunits.2 This gene encodes an alpha subunit that plays a role in acetlycholine binding/channel gating. The muscarinic cholinergic receptors belong to a larger family of G protein-coupled receptors. The muscarinic cholinergic receptor 3 controls smooth muscle contraction and its stimulation causes secretion of glandular tissue" provenance.
- _4 value "The muscle acetylcholine receptor consiststs of 5 subunits of 4 different types: 2 alpha isoforms and 1 each of beta, gamma, and delta subunits.2 This gene encodes an alpha subunit that plays a role in acetlycholine binding/channel gating. The muscarinic cholinergic receptors belong to a larger family of G protein-coupled receptors. The muscarinic cholinergic receptor 3 controls smooth muscle contraction and its stimulation causes secretion of glandular tissue" provenance.
- _5 value "The muscle acetylcholine receptor consiststs of 5 subunits of 4 different types: 2 alpha isoforms and 1 each of beta, gamma, and delta subunits.2 This gene encodes an alpha subunit that plays a role in acetlycholine binding/channel gating. The muscarinic cholinergic receptors belong to a larger family of G protein-coupled receptors. The muscarinic cholinergic receptor 3 controls smooth muscle contraction and its stimulation causes secretion of glandular tissue" provenance.
- _5 value "The muscle acetylcholine receptor consiststs of 5 subunits of 4 different types: 2 alpha isoforms and 1 each of beta, gamma, and delta subunits.2 This gene encodes an alpha subunit that plays a role in acetlycholine binding/channel gating. The muscarinic cholinergic receptors belong to a larger family of G protein-coupled receptors. The muscarinic cholinergic receptor 3 controls smooth muscle contraction and its stimulation causes secretion of glandular tissue" provenance.
- _6 value "Sp1 may function synergistically with SREBP in mediating the glucose/insulin activation of both the FAS and ACCalpha genes increased binding of Sp1 to the ACCalpha II promoter has been observed in adipocytes exposed to glucose" provenance.
- _6 value "a plethora of kinases has been implicated in the phosphorylation of the enzyme 2 kinases, one dependent on cAMP, cAMPK, the other dependent on 5'-AMP, AMPK, can inactivate ACC by phosphorylation the cAMPK phosphorylates ACC at Ser77 and Ser1200 and causes primarily an increase in the Ka for citrate and a slight reduction in Vmax AMPK phosphorylates mainly at Ser79, Ser1200 and, to a lesser extent, at Ser1215 and produces a large decrease in Vmax the critical target for cAMPK appears to be Ser1200 and for AMPK, Ser79" provenance.
- _5 value "during fasting, glucagon secretion raises the intracellular concentration of cAMP, which potentially can result in phosphorylation and inactivation of ACC by cAMPK, and indeed glucagon treatment of hepatocytes increases phosphorylation at Ser1200" provenance.
- _8 value "Alternatively, this integrin complex can interact with tenascin-C, thus favoring the clustering of EGF receptors and EGF-dependent growth (Jones et al., 1997)." provenance.
- _5 value "The beta3 integrin is necessary for the activation of PI 3-kinase in endothelial cells stimulated by VEGF-A165 PI 3-kinase belongs to the intracellular signals triggered by VEGF-A in bovine endothelial cells, as demonstrated by the phosphorylation of its regulatory protein p85 (Guo et al., 1995). As shown in Figure 5, wortmannin used at nanomolar concentrations specific for PI 3-kinase inhibition (Arcaro and Wymann, 1993), reduced the human endothelial cells migration induced by VEGF-A165. To determine whether beta3 integrin interferes in PI 3-kinase activation occurring after VEGFR-2 stimulation, we evaluated the effect of BV4 (anti-beta3 subunit mAb) on the phosphorylation in tyrosine residues of the p85 subunit and on the catalytic activity of the enzyme. After pre-incubation with BV4 or with anti-VEGFR-2 Ab for 20 min at 4°C, cells were stimulated with VEGF-A165. Cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-p85 mAb, and the separated proteins by SDS–PAGE were probed with anti-phosphotyrosine mAb. VEGF-A165 increased the tyrosine phosphorylation of p85, but it failed to phosphorylate the PI 3-kinase subunit when endothelial cells were pre-incubated with anti-beta3 or anti-VEGFR-2 antibodies (Figure 6)." provenance.
- _4 value "Through its phosphorylated tyrosine residues, the activated VEGFR-2 associates with the adapter molecules Shc, Grb2 and Nck, to Ras GTPase activating protein, p59fyn, pp62yes and phospholipase Cg, and to the tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2" provenance.
- _4 value "VEGFR-2 phosphorylation and mitogenicity induced by VEGF-A165 were enhanced in cells plated on the alphavbeta3 ligand, vitronectin" provenance.
- _6 value "VEGFR-2 phosphorylation and mitogenicity induced by VEGF-A165 were enhanced in cells plated on the alphavbeta3 ligand, vitronectin" provenance.
- _6 value "VEGFR-2 phosphorylation and mitogenicity induced by VEGF-A165 were enhanced in cells plated on the alphavbeta3 ligand, vitronectin" provenance.
- _7 value "tyrosine-phosphorylated VEGFR-2 co-immunoprecipitated with beta3 integrin subunit" provenance.
- _3 value "Socs1 suppresses the mitogenic potential of Kit while maintaining Steel factor-dependent cell survival signals." provenance.
- _3 value "using antisera specific for JNK-1 and -2 dually phosphorylated on Thr-183 and Tyr-185. t-RA inhibited JNK phosphorylation by serum in a biphasic pattern (Fig. 1A)." provenance.
- _8 value "Inhibition of CKII mediated phosphorylation of APE/Ref-1 blocked mutagen-stimulated increase in AP-1 binding. It also abrogated the induction of c-Jun protein and rendered cells more sensitive to induced DNA damage" provenance.
- _3 value "We show here that the topoisomerase poison etoposide, like ultra violet irradiation, inhibits Mdm2 synthesis." provenance.
- _5 value "GM-CSF treatment of human neutrophils activates the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (Jak/STAT) pathway and, more specifically, Jak2, STAT3, and STAT5B in neutrophils." provenance.
- _6 value "CTGF expression induced by high glucose was partially suppressed by anti-TGF-beta1 antibody and by the protein kinase C inhibitor GF 109203X. Together, these data suggest that 1) high glucose stimulates mesangial CTGF expression by TGFbeta1-dependent and protein kinase C dependent pathways, and 2) CTGF may be a mediator of TGFbeta1-driven matrix production within a diabetic milieu." provenance.
- _3 value "Loss of this enzyme activity after oxidative stress and upregulation of the enzyme chain hydrolyzing extracellular ATP after transient forebrain ischemia have also been reported." provenance.
- _4 value "The reduction in neovascularization in the NOD mice was the result of a lower level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the ischemic tissues, as assessed by Northern blot, Western blot and immunohistochemistry." provenance.
- _4 value "The reduction in neovascularization in the NOD mice was the result of a lower level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the ischemic tissues, as assessed by Northern blot, Western blot and immunohistochemistry." provenance.
- _3 value "Our findings demonstrate that ROSs play an important role in the activation of HSF1 and the accumulation of mRNA for HSP70 and HSP90 in the ischemic-reperfused heart." provenance.
- _4 value "Modified assertion" provenance.
- _4 value "Modified assertion" provenance.
- _3 value "Our RT-PCR studies clearly indicate that in H2K-tsA58 myoblast the transcriptional activation of the -dystrobrevin gene occurs upon differentiation of myoblasts into multinucleated myotubes. Functional promoter studies show that the 1169 bp promoter C fragment is able to direct luciferase expression during myoblast differentiation." provenance.
- _5 value "pp60(v-src) induced cyclin D1 protein levels and promoter activity (48-fold) in MCF7 cells." provenance.
- _5 value "pp60(v-src) induction of ATF-2 was abolished by the c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor JNK-interacting protein-1 or by mutation of ATF-2 at Thr69 and Thr71." provenance.
- _6 value "pp60(v-src) induction of CREB was blocked by the p38 inhibitor SB203580 or by mutation of CREB at Ser133." provenance.
- _6 value "pp60(v-src) induction of CREB was blocked by the p38 inhibitor SB203580 or by mutation of CREB at Ser133." provenance.
- _5 value "After binding of ligand, either estrogens or antiestrogens, to the ER, the receptor dimerizes with another receptor-monomer to somehow activate the complex and to facilitate the binding of the receptor dimer to the EREs of target genes... ERalpha and ERbeta can heterodimerize, and ERbeta appears to have different functional properties Other nuclear proteins can interact with the ER dimer to modify the expression of certain genes...Some of these receptor-interacting proteins function as co-activators to amplify transcription activation from the ER, while others function as co-repressors. Molecules that have been identified to act as ER co-activators include SRC-1 and SRC-2, CBP/p300, TIF-2,TRIP-1, and AIB-1 ...AIB(also called SRC-3 or Rac3) is amplififed and/or overexpressed in a large percentage of human breast cancer specimens, suggesting that it may have an important role in breast cancer development N-CoR and SMRT function as co-repressors and bind to the ER either in the absence of estrogen or in the presence of tamoxifen progression" provenance.
- _5 value "After binding of ligand, either estrogens or antiestrogens, to the ER, the receptor dimerizes with another receptor-monomer to somehow activate the complex and to facilitate the binding of the receptor dimer to the EREs of target genes... ERalpha and ERbeta can heterodimerize, and ERbeta appears to have different functional properties Other nuclear proteins can interact with the ER dimer to modify the expression of certain genes...Some of these receptor-interacting proteins function as co-activators to amplify transcription activation from the ER, while others function as co-repressors. Molecules that have been identified to act as ER co-activators include SRC-1 and SRC-2, CBP/p300, TIF-2,TRIP-1, and AIB-1 ...AIB(also called SRC-3 or Rac3) is amplififed and/or overexpressed in a large percentage of human breast cancer specimens, suggesting that it may have an important role in breast cancer development N-CoR and SMRT function as co-repressors and bind to the ER either in the absence of estrogen or in the presence of tamoxifen progression" provenance.
- _7 value "Gab1 was originally isolated as a binding protein for Grb2. Gab1 is tyrosine-phosphorylated and interacts with SHP-2 and PI-3 kinase in response to insulin, EGF,23 HGF,29 NGF,30 lysophosphatidic acid (LPA),31 IL-3, and gp130 stimulation.32" provenance.
- _8 value "Overexpression of Gab2 enhanced the gp130 or Src-related kinases-mediated ERK2 activation as that of Gab1 did." provenance.
- _5 value "Tyrosine phosphorylation of Gab2 was induced by stimulation through gp130, IL-2R, IL-3R, TPOR, SCFR, and TCR. Gab1 and Gab2 were shown to be substrates for SHP-2 in vitro." provenance.
- _6 value "Modified assertion" provenance.
- _3 value "Verapamil treatment reduced the expression of cardiac NOS2 protein and the mRNAs for NOS2, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta." provenance.
- _3 value "Verapamil treatment reduced the expression of cardiac NOS2 protein and the mRNAs for NOS2, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta." provenance.
- _4 value "Modified assertion" provenance.
- _7 value "In this study, we found that retinoids inhibit this LPS-stimulated production of IL-12 in a dose-dependent manner. The NFkappaB components p50 and p65 bound retinoid X receptor (RXR) in a ligand-independent manner in vitro, and the interaction interfaces involved the p50 residues 1-245, the p65 residues 194-441, and the N-terminal A/B/C domains of RXR." provenance.
- _4 value "4) that trichostatin A, an inhibitor of histone deacetylase activity, activates transcription of CFTR through the Y-box element" provenance.
- _5 value "human CDP/cut acts as a repressor of CFTR transcription through the Y-box element by competing for the sites of transactivators hGCN5 and ATF-1" provenance.
- _6 value "Fas stimulation of Jurkat cells is known to induce p38 kinase and we find a pronounced increase in Rb phosphorylation within 30 min of Fas stimulation" provenance.
- _5 value "Our results indicate not only that RelA is required for activation of key genes involved in adaptive (acquired) immune responses, including major histocompatibility complex class I, CD40, and the Fas death receptor, but also that both NF-kappaB-inducing signals and IFN-gamma are necessary for maximal activation" provenance.
- _6 value "Our results indicate not only that RelA is required for activation of key genes involved in adaptive (acquired) immune responses, including major histocompatibility complex class I, CD40, and the Fas death receptor, but also that both NF-kappaB-inducing signals and IFN-gamma are necessary for maximal activation" provenance.
- _3 value "Finally, troglitazone induced expression of mRNAs for villin and intestinal alkaline phosphatase, markers for enterocyte differentiation." provenance.
- _2 value "Angiostatin, a proteolytic fragment of plasminogen, is a potent antagonist of angiogenesis and an inhibitor of endothelium migration and proliferation." provenance.
- _4 value "The sensitivity of tumor cells to 5'-dFUrd depends on the PyNPase activity of the cells, the enzyme expression of OMC-3 cells treated for 48 h with sex steroids or growth factors was measured. The dThdPase expression of tumor cells was increased up to 1.73-fold by 0.1-10 nM EGF and TGFA in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas 17-beta estradiol and progesterone did not have any significant effect on this enzyme." provenance.
- _5 value "Modified assertion" provenance.
- _5 value "Specifically, we demonstrate that the ectopic expression of K10 inhibits the proliferation of human keratinocytes in culture while K16 expression appears to promote the proliferation of these cells" provenance.
- _3 value "Specifically, we demonstrate that the ectopic expression of K10 inhibits the proliferation of human keratinocytes in culture while K16 expression appears to promote the proliferation of these cells" provenance.
- _5 value "Activation of MEK1 and MEK2 involves phosphorylation upon conserved serine residues (Ser-218 and Ser-222 on MEK1, Ser-222 and Ser-226 on MEK2" provenance.
- _5 value "Activation of MEK1 and MEK2 involves phosphorylation upon conserved serine residues (Ser-218 and Ser-222 on MEK1, Ser-222 and Ser-226 on MEK2" provenance.
- _6 value "Integrin-associated protein (IAP; CD47) is a thrombospondin receptor that forms a signaling complex with beta3 integrins resulting in enhanced alphavbeta3-dependent cell spreading and chemotaxis and, in platelets, alphaIIbbeta3-dependent spreading and aggregation." provenance.
- _6 value "Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is the prototypic G-protein-coupled receptor agonist that activates the Ras-mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade" provenance.
- _5 value "In order to define the boundaries of the C1r domain(s) responsible for Ca2+ binding and Ca2+-dependent interaction with C1s and to assess the contribution of individual modules to these functions, the CUB, EGF, and CUB-EGF fragments were expressed in eucaryotic systems or synthesized chemically. The C1r CUB-EGF pair bound immobilized C1s with a higher KD (1.5-1.8 microM), which decreased to 31.4 nM when CUB-EGF was used as the immobilized ligand and C1s was free." provenance.
- _5 value "PhosphoElm data from PMID 15212693" provenance.
- _3 value "We have also found that leptin similarly suppresses the transcription of the ATP citrate-lyase gene in the cells ( unpublished results)" provenance.
- _5 value "betaarrestins mediate the desensitization of the beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2AR) and many other G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)" provenance.