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- _4 value "whereas formation of filopodia is mainly dependent on adseverin activity (adseverin is indeed expressed in these cells) [49]. Finally, knockout mice revealed the essential role of capG in macrophage ruffling [50]. Indeed, macrophages rapidly change shape forming protrusions resulting from local actin filament assembly [51], a process that is Ca2+ sensitive. In capG-/- mice, but not in Gsn-/- mice, basal and macrophage colony stimulating factor (MCSF)-induced ruffling activities were decreased [50]. A further role in phagocytosis Phagocytosis is a complex cellular process that necessitates a continuous rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton. In polymorphonuclear leukocytes three types of phagocytosis can be distinguished: a complement-opsonized, immunoglobulin G (IgG)-opsonized, and integrin-mediated phagocytosis. This latter is essential for remodeling of connective tissue. The three types of phagocytosis are mediated by three separate sets of cell surface receptors: the complement receptors (CRs), the Fc g receptors and integrin molecules [52-54]. Using Gsn-/- mice, it has been possible to demonstrate that gelsolin plays a primordial role in Fc receptor- and integrin- but not in complement- mediated phagocytosis [50, 54-56]." provenance.