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- _3 value "Another important mechanism regulating the release of NO is shearing forces acting on the luminal surface of vascular endothelium. By this mechanism, increased flow velocity stimulates calcium release and increased cNOS activity. The inducible form of NOS (iNOS, or Type II NOS) is not calcium-dependent, but instead is stimulated by the actions of cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor, interleukins) and bacterial endotoxins (e.g., lipopolysaccharide). Induction of iNOS occurs over several hours and results in NO production that may be more than a 1,000-fold greater than that produced by cNOS. This is an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of inflammation." provenance.